Question: How can you implement a 301 redirect in Route 53?

Amazon Route 53 is primarily a Domain Name System (DNS) web service, and it does not directly handle HTTP requests or responses such as 301 redirects. A 301 redirect, which is used for permanent URL redirection, needs to be handled at the server level or through other services that can manipulate HTTP headers.

To achieve a 301 redirect using AWS services, you might typically use Amazon S3 together with Amazon CloudFront:

1. Set up an Amazon S3 bucket:

   • Create an S3 bucket.
   • Configure the bucket for static website hosting.
   • Ensure that the bucket policy allows public access if necessary.

2. Configure the Redirect:

   • In the S3 bucket properties, under the 'Static website hosting' option, set the redirection rules. You can specify the hostname and protocol to which the requests should be redirected.

   Here's an example of what the redirection rules might look like:

   <RoutingRules>
       <RoutingRule>
           <Condition>
               <KeyPrefixEquals>the/path/to/redirect</KeyPrefixEquals>
           </Condition>
           <Redirect>
               <HostName>newwebsite.com</HostName>
               <Protocol>https</Protocol>
               <ReplaceKeyPrefixWith>newpath/</ReplaceKeyPrefixWith>
               <HttpRedirectCode>301</HttpRedirectCode>
           </Redirect>
       </RoutingRule>
   </RoutingRules>
   

3. Set up Amazon CloudFront:

   • Create a CloudFront distribution.
   • Point the distribution to the S3 bucket.
   • Make sure to configure the viewer protocol policy to redirect HTTP to HTTPS if necessary.

4. Update DNS Records:

   • In Route 53, create or update your DNS records to point to the CloudFront distribution.

Through this configuration, when a user accesses the original URL, they are redirected to the new URL specified, with a 301 status code, leveraging the S3 bucket's ability to host a static site and define redirection rules, and CloudFront’s capability to serve these redirects globally.